Phosphate Buffered Saline, pH 7.2 is recommended for preparation of dilutions and blanks for the examination of water, dairy products, foods, utensils and other specimens. This solution gives a pH of 7.2.

Antibiotic Sensitivity disc are used to determine the effectivness of an antibiotic against a microorganism as a guide to antibiotic therapy. The disc consist of a specific concentration of an antibiotic in mcg which is tested against a microorganism of a standard density, swabbed uniformly on an appropriate media following overnight incubation. Streptomycin is impregnated on a filter paper disc of specified concentration. Both sides of the disc are printed with HLS and concentration 300 mcg for easy identification.

Antibiotic Sensitivity disc are used to determine the effectivness of an antibiotic against a microorganism as a guide to antibiotic therapy. The disc consist of a specific concentration of an antibiotic in mcg which is tested against a microorganism of a standard density, swabbed uniformly on an appropriate media following overnight incubation. Neomycin is impregnated on a filter paper disc of specified concentration. Both sides of the disc are printed with N and concentration 30 mcg for easy identification.

Antibiotic Sensitivity disc are used to determine the effectivness of an antibiotic against a microorganism as a guide to antibiotic therapy. The disc consist of a specific concentration of an antibiotic in mcg which is tested against a microorganism of a standard density, swabbed uniformly on an appropriate media following overnight incubation. Cefazolin is impregnated on a filter paper disc of specified concentration. Both sides of the disc are printed with CZ and concentration 30mcg for easy identification.

Giemsa stain is a mixture of methylene blue, eosin, and azure B. It is specific for the phosphate groups of DNA and attaches itself to adenine-thymidine rich regions. It is a high contrast polychromatic stain. It is used as a standard stain for differential staining of blood and bone marrow smears. It stains different cells in different colour. Giemsa is commonly used stain for G-banding of chromosomes. In G-banding studies, heterochromatic region of chromosomes is stained dark(G-bands) with giemsa whereas euchromatic regions are stained light(R-bands). This helps in identification of chromosomal aberrations.