Selenite Cystine Broth Base w/o Biselenite is recommended as a selective enrichment media for Salmonella and possibly Shigella sonnei from faeces, urine, water and foodtuffs. It is useful for detecting Salmonella in the nonacute stages of illness when organisms occur in the faeces in low numbers and for epidemiological studies to enhance the detection of low number of organisms from asymptomatic or convalescent patients.

This medium is used as a selective enrichment medium for Salmonellae species from food, animal feeding stuffs, pharmaceutical products. This medium can also be used in direct enrichment of samples containing low inoculum

for determining plate counts of microorganisms in milk and dairy products by pour plate technique.it is also used for the estimation of the number of live heterotrophic bacteria in water.

This medium is used for maintaining microorganisms, cultivating fastidious organisms by enriching with serum or blood and are also used for purity checking prior to biochemical or serological testing.

Standard technique for staining reticulocytes is the new methylene blue staining. New methylene blue stains intracellular RNA blue in colour against pink stained RBCs. Depending on the stage of the reticulocyte the blue colour may be distributed in a general pattern(early reticulocytes) or punctate pattern(late reticulocyte). Cells with clear, blue cytoplasmic granules which can be seen without fine focusing are to be regarded as reticulocytes of maturation stage IV. From visual examination of a peripheral blood film so stained, the number of reticulocytes among 1000 reticulocytes is found and expressed as a percentage. This is termed the reticulocyte count. TCL115 is a reticulocyte staining solution formulated to contain new methylene blue for staining reticulocyte in blood smear.

The medium is used as a test medium for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. It is recommended for the diffusion of antimicrobial agents impregnated on paper disc through an agar gel as described in CLSI Approved Standard.

MIU Medium Base is recommended for detection of motility, urease and indole production in single tube. Motility and urease reactions are read before testing Indole production. Motile organisms show either diffused growth or turbidity extending away from stab inoculation line while nonmotile organisms grow along the stabline. Organisms that utilize urea, produce ammonia which makes the medium alkaline, showing pink-red colour by change in the phenol red indicator. Indole is produced from tryptophan present in tryptone. The indole produced combines with the aldehyde present in the Kovac's reagent to form a red complex.

M-FC Agar Base is recommended for detection and enumeration of faecal coliforms using membrane filtration technique at higher temperature (44.5°C). This medium is based on the property of faecal coliforms to grow at 44-45°C.

Loeffler's Methylene Blue stain is used for the identification of diphtheria bacilli, since it differentiates the deeply stained metachromatic granules from the pale blue-staining cytoplasm and also as a counterstain in AFB staining

This medium is recommended for the isolation of coagulase-positive staphylococci from cosmetics, milk, food and other specimens. The additional property of lipase activity of Staphylococcus aureus can be detected by the addition of the Egg Yolk Emulsion. The lipase activity can be visualized as yellow opaque zones around the colonies.

Malachite Green is used for bacterial spore staining by Schaeffer and Fulton's method. It can also used as a simple stain.